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What to be able to answer
- Know the political shift after the Glorious Revolution: Whigs, Tories, free press and Prime Minister.
- Remember the 1707 union, Walpole, Culloden, Highland Clearances and Burns.
- Match Enlightenment, Industrial Revolution, Cook and Sake Dean Mahomet facts.
Learn
Union, Enlightenment and the Industrial Revolution
Global power in six lanes
The test mixes politics, migration, Scotland, industry and empire; keep each lane separate.
Parliament and press
- Power shifted permanently to Parliament after the Glorious Revolution.
- Whigs and Tories began party politics.
- From 1695, newspapers no longer needed a government licence.
Union and Prime Minister
- 1707 Act of Union created the Kingdom of Great Britain.
- Scotland kept its legal, education and Presbyterian systems.
- Robert Walpole was the first man called Prime Minister.
Scotland and Jacobites
- Bonnie Prince Charlie landed in 1745.
- Culloden in 1746 ended the rising.
- Highland Clearances replaced crofts with large farms.
- Robert Burns wrote Auld Lang Syne.
Enlightenment
- Adam Smith is linked with economics.
- David Hume influenced philosophy.
- James Watt's steam work helped the Industrial Revolution.
Industrial Revolution
- Britain was the first country to industrialise on a large scale.
- Steam power and machinery drove change.
- Bessemer steel helped shipbuilding and railways.
- Richard Arkwright improved textile production.
Empire and exchange
- Captain Cook mapped Australia's coast.
- The East India Company gained control of large parts of India.
- Sake Dean Mahomet opened Britain's first curry house and introduced shampooing.
After the Glorious Revolution, the balance of power shifted permanently to Parliament. Two main groups emerged — the Whigs and the Tories — marking the beginning of party politics. The modern Conservative Party is still sometimes called the Tories.
Do not mix up
The 1707 Act of Union created Great Britain; the 1801 union appears in the next topic.
Robert Walpole is the first man called Prime Minister.
Sake Dean Mahomet is linked with Britain's first curry house and shampooing.
Practise
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